At the time of his death in 1556, the Mughal Empire spanned almost one million square kilometres. Humayun laid the foundations of a city called ‘Dinpanah’ (roughly covering the area near modern-day Mathura Road) in Delhi around 1533. Sher Shah dismissed his help, believing it not to be required, though word soon spread to Lahore about the treacherous proposal, and Humayun was urged to make an example of Kamran and kill him. In 1532, Humayun and Sher Shah Suri clashed on the battlefield. In the end, there was no actual siege. For Humayun's son and the patron of this tomb, Akbar, there were two purposes behind building this great structure: to commemorate his father's legacy … Hamza son of Humayun, Young musician playing on tabla set refurbished by JAS. Abu'l Fazl, Akbar's official biographer, and Father Monserrate, a Jesuit priest who resided at the emperor's court during the early 1580's, both confirm this. In spite of having a series of problems such as the rainy season, discontent in the nobility, and the constant harrying attacks of the Afghans, Humayun managed to get his army back to Chausa near Buxar, without any serious loss. The Shah urged that Humayun convert from Sunni to Shia Islam, and Humayun eventually accepted, in order to keep himself and several hundred followers alive. He further writes, "He was in fact unfortunate ... Scarcely had he enjoyed his throne for six months in Delhi when he slipped down from the polished steps of his palace and died in his forty-ninth year (Jan. 24, 1556). Nuhash Humayun. However, mysteriously, it wasn't completed until nearly 15 years after his death. Humayun seems to have conciliated them by marrying the elder daughter of Jamal Khan, nephew of Babar's opponent, Hasan Khan and, by causing his great minister, Bairam Khan, to marry a younger daughter of the same Mewatti. Carretera de Madrid, nº 21, 23009 Jaén “Like many immigrants, we came to this country empty-handed. He may have been aided in this by his reputation for leniency towards the troops who had defended the cities against him, as opposed to Kamran Mirza, whose brief periods of possession were marked by atrocities against the inhabitants who, he supposed, had helped his brother. He belonged to Mughal dynasty and was the ruler of Afghanistan, Pakistan and Northeastern part of India from 1530-1540 and again from 1555-1556. Emir Hussein Umrani, ruler of Sindh, welcomed Humayun's presence and was loyal to Humayun just as he had been loyal to Babur against the renegade Arghuns. Bairam Khan proclaimed Akbar the king on 14th Feb, 1556 AD at Kslanaur in the district Gurudaspur of Punjab. Humayun means “fortune” but he remained the most unfortunate ruler of the Mughal Empire. Observing the Mughals' vulnerability, Sher Shah reneged on his earlier agreement. Hamza son of Humayun, Young musician playing on tabla set refurbished by JAS. He was only 22 years old then and had a challenging time heading the newly-established Mughal territory. Then he participated in the capture of Agraand was sent to pacify the valley of the Ganges, in the far east of the Empire. He assisted his father in the governance of the country. Biographie. Six months after his succession, Humayun besieged the fortress of Kalinjar in Bundelkhand, gained a decisive victory over Afghans at Douhrua and drove out Sultan Mahmood Lodhi from Jaunpur, and even defeated Bahadur Shah of Gujarat. However, while Humayun had a larger army than his brother and had the upper hand, on two occasions his poor military judgement allowed Kamran Mirza to retake Kabul and Kandahar, forcing Humayun to mount further campaigns for their recapture. He was born to Babur and Maham Begum on 17 th March 1508 in Kabul. Early Life and Background of Mughal Emperor Humayun HUMAYUN. [8], Sher Shah withdrew to the east, but Humayun did not follow: instead he "shut himself up for a considerable time in his Harem, and indulged himself in every kind of luxury". Also, his wife Hamida hailed from Sindh; she was the daughter of a prestigious pir family (a pir is an Islamic religious guide) of Persian heritage long settled in Sindh. After a stay of three to four months at Gaur, Humayun planned back to Agra, leaving a small garrison behind. Early Life and Background of Mughal Emperor Humayun After Humayun set out from his expedition in Sindh, along with 300 camels (mostly wild) and 2000 loads of grain, he set off to join his brothers in Kandahar after crossing the Indus River on 11 July 1543 along with the ambition to regain the Mughal Empire and overthrow the Suri dynasty. Humayun architectures several under his name. Sher Shah, however, replied "I have left you Kabul. With this new-found strength Humayun embarked on a series of military campaigns aimed at extending his reign over areas in the east and west of the subcontinent. He assisted his father in the governance of the country. Humayun's Tomb is a top Delhi attraction and one of the city's prominent Mughal-era monuments. The infant was the long-awaited heir-apparent to the 34-year-old Humayun and the answer of many prayers. the lands to the East of Punjab, comprising most of the Ganges Valley]. [18], The four brothers were united in Lahore, but every day they were informed that Sher Shah was getting closer and closer. Born Nasin-ud-din Muhammad in Kabul, Afghanistan, Humayun was the second Mughal emperor of India. [citation needed], This article is about the Mughal emperor. Hamida Banu Begum (1527 - 1604) fue esposa del segundo emperador mogol, Humayun, y la madre del emperador Akbar. 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